hypoallergen

Hypoallergenic is a marketing term used to describe products or ingredients that are claimed to be less likely to cause an allergic reaction compared with typical formulations. The word combines hypo- meaning less with allergen, but it has no universal scientific standard or regulatory definition. Manufacturers may remove common contact allergens, substitute safer ingredients, or limit fragrance or preservatives, and some may conduct testing to support the claim. Because individual reactions vary, a product labeled hypoallergenic can still cause allergies in some people, especially those with sensitive skin or known allergies.

Common contexts for hypoallergenic claims include cosmetics, skincare, hair care, detergents, textiles, and other consumer goods marketed to sensitive individuals. In cosmetics and personal-care products, fragrances and preservatives are frequent sources of contact allergies, and some jurisdictions require explicit labeling of known fragrance allergens. However, the use of the term hypoallergenic is not uniformly regulated, and claims must not be misleading. Consumers should review ingredient lists, be aware of their known allergens, and consider patch testing or professional guidance if they have sensitive or at-risk skin.

Regulatory treatment varies by region. In many places there is no formal definition of hypoallergenic, so manufacturers rely on internal testing or ingredient choices rather than standardized thresholds. In regions with explicit labeling rules for allergens, such labeling may provide clearer risk information than a general hypoallergenic claim. For individuals with serious allergies, hypoallergenic labeling should not substitute medical advice or proven safety data.

Etymology: from hypo- meaning under or less and allergen, first popularized in marketing and product labeling in the 20th century.