hyperpigmentációtól

Hyperpigmentation refers to the darkening of an area of skin caused by an increase in melanin, the natural pigment that determines skin color. This condition can affect people of all skin tones but is more noticeable in individuals with darker complexions. The causes of hyperpigmentation are varied and can include sun exposure, inflammation, hormonal changes, and certain medical conditions or medications.

Common types of hyperpigmentation include melasma, which often appears as patches of darkened skin on the face, particularly during pregnancy or due to hormonal fluctuations. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) occurs after skin injury or inflammation, such as acne or eczema, leaving behind darker spots. Age spots, also known as liver spots or solar lentigines, are small, flat dark spots that appear on sun-exposed areas like the face, hands, and shoulders, primarily associated with aging and cumulative sun damage.

Diagnosis of hyperpigmentation is typically made through a visual examination by a healthcare professional. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to rule out other skin conditions. Treatment options aim to lighten the affected areas and can include topical creams containing ingredients like hydroquinone, retinoids, or vitamin C. Chemical peels, microdermabrasion, and laser therapy are also effective procedures for reducing hyperpigmentation. Sun protection is crucial for preventing the development and worsening of hyperpigmentation, emphasizing the use of broad-spectrum sunscreen daily.