hipopigmented

Hipopigmented refers to skin that has a reduced amount of pigment compared to the surrounding skin. This lack of pigment results in lighter-colored patches. The pigment responsible for skin color is melanin, which is produced by specialized cells called melanocytes. In hipopigmented areas, there may be a deficiency in the number of melanocytes or a reduced production of melanin by these cells.

The causes of hipopigmentation are varied. Some hipopigmented conditions are congenital, meaning they are present at birth. Vitiligo is a common acquired condition characterized by the progressive loss of melanocytes, leading to well-defined white patches on the skin. Other causes can include certain infections, inflammatory skin conditions, or trauma to the skin that damages melanocytes. Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation can occur after conditions like eczema or psoriasis, where the skin heals with a lighter appearance. Fungal infections, such as tinea versicolor, can also cause temporary hipopigmented spots.

Diagnosis of hipopigmentation typically involves a visual examination by a healthcare professional, often a dermatologist. In some cases, a biopsy of the affected skin may be performed to examine the melanocytes. The treatment for hipopigmentation depends entirely on the underlying cause. For some conditions, like vitiligo, treatments may aim to restore pigment, while for others, the focus may be on managing the underlying condition or simply cosmetic camouflaging.