hipopigmentaatio

Hypopigmentation refers to a condition where the skin becomes lighter than its normal color. This lightening occurs due to a lack of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye color. Hypopigmentation can manifest in various ways, appearing as patches, spots, or a more generalized lightening of the skin.

Several factors can cause hypopigmentation. Congenital conditions, present at birth, include albinism, which affects the entire body's pigmentation, and conditions like vitiligo, characterized by distinct patches of depigmented skin. Acquired causes can include skin injuries such as burns, cuts, or abrasions, which can disrupt melanin production in the affected area. Certain infections, like fungal infections, can also lead to temporary hypopigmentation. Inflammatory skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis, if severe enough, can cause post-inflammatory hypopigmentation after the inflammation subsides. Some medical treatments, including cryotherapy or laser therapy, can also result in a loss of pigment.

The appearance of hypopigmentation varies depending on the underlying cause and the extent of melanin loss. While often a cosmetic concern, it can sometimes be associated with increased sensitivity to sunlight in the affected areas, necessitating sun protection. Diagnosis is typically made through visual examination, and sometimes further tests may be conducted to identify the specific cause. Treatment, if pursued, depends on the underlying condition and may involve topical medications, light therapy, or camouflage techniques.