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Benign prostatic hyperplasia, also known as enlarged prostate, is a common noncancerous condition in men where the prostate gland grows larger. This enlargement can press on the urethra, the tube that carries urine out of the body, leading to urinary symptoms. These symptoms can include a frequent urge to urinate, difficulty starting urination, a weak stream, and waking up multiple times at night to urinate. The exact cause of BPH is not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to hormonal changes that occur with aging.

Diagnosis typically involves a review of symptoms, a physical exam including a digital rectal exam to assess prostate size, and sometimes urine tests or blood tests to rule out other conditions. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of symptoms and can include lifestyle changes like fluid management, medications to relax prostate muscles or shrink the prostate, and in more severe cases, surgical procedures to remove excess prostate tissue. BPH is a chronic condition and usually requires ongoing management.