hiperimmunglobulinémiák

Hyperviscosity syndrome, also known as hyperimmunoglobulinemia, is a rare and potentially life-threatening medical condition that occurs when there is an abnormal increase in the concentration of certain proteins in the blood.

These proteins are typically immunoglobulins, which are a type of antibody produced by the immune system to fight infection. In people with hyperviscosity syndrome, the levels of these immunoglobulins become dangerously high, leading to an increase in the viscosity, or thickness, of the blood.

This increased blood viscosity can cause a range of symptoms, including dizziness, headaches, confusion, and even loss of consciousness. In severe cases, hyperviscosity syndrome can lead to thrombosis, or blood clots, which can be life-threatening.

Hyperviscosity syndrome is often associated with certain types of cancer, such as Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, a type of lymphoma. It can also occur in people with other disorders, such as multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

The symptoms of hyperviscosity syndrome can be mistaken for those of other conditions, making diagnosis challenging. A diagnosis is typically made based on a combination of laboratory tests, including measurement of immunoglobulin levels and viscosity of the blood, as well as imaging tests to evaluate for thrombosis.

Treatment for hyperviscosity syndrome typically involves reducing the levels of immunoglobulins in the blood, either through medication or plasmapheresis, a process in which the plasma portion of the blood is removed and replaced with intravenous immunoglobulin.