hematoksylineosiini

Hematoksylineosiini, commonly referred to as H&E stain, is the most widely used staining method in histology. It is a combination of two stains: hematoxylin and eosin. Hematoxylin, a basic dye, stains acidic structures, primarily the cell nucleus, a purplish-blue color. It is derived from the oxidation of hematoxylin, which is extracted from the heartwood of the logwood tree. Eosin, an acidic dye, stains basic structures, such as the cytoplasm and extracellular matrix, a pinkish-red color. The precise color intensity and hue can vary depending on the specific formulation and tissue processing.

The H&E staining process typically involves fixing tissue samples, embedding them in paraffin or freezing them, and then cutting thin sections. These sections are then deparaffinized or thawed, rehydrated, and sequentially stained with hematoxylin and eosin. A brief acid differentiation step may be included after hematoxylin to remove excess stain, followed by bluing to stabilize the hematoxylin stain. The eosin stain is then applied, followed by dehydration and mounting with a coverslip.

This technique is crucial for the microscopic examination of tissue samples, enabling pathologists to identify normal tissue architecture and detect pathological changes indicative of disease, particularly cancer. The distinct coloration provided by H&E allows for the differentiation of various cellular components and tissue types, making it an indispensable tool in diagnostic pathology and biomedical research. Its ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and ability to reveal a wide range of cellular and tissue features contribute to its enduring popularity.