haulage

Haulage is the business of transporting goods for payment. In common usage it denotes road freight carried by trucks or lorries, though the term can apply to freight movement by other modes when part of a contract. Haulage services are provided by operators, fleet owners, or contract carriers that move cargo for manufacturers, retailers, and freight forwarders.

Operations involve planning loads, assigning vehicles, coordinating with customers to meet delivery times, and performing loading and unloading when required. Equipment ranges from rigid trucks to articulated lorries and trailers. Services include direct shipments, multi-stop deliveries, and consolidated cargo. Compliance with weight and dimension limits and driver-hour rules is a key ongoing requirement.

Regulation covers licensing, vehicle safety, insurance, and drivers' hours. In many regions operators need an operator's licence, and activities such as transporting hazardous materials are subject to additional rules. Safety programs and routine maintenance are essential to reduce accidents and downtime.

Economically, haulage is sensitive to fuel costs, driver wages, maintenance, and regulatory charges, as well as demand tied to manufacturing and retail activity. The industry increasingly uses technology such as telematics, route optimization, and digital freight platforms to improve efficiency. There is a trend toward lower-emission vehicles and alternative fuels, reflecting pressures to reduce environmental impact. Global logistics and e-commerce continue to shape demand for fast, reliable haulage services.