hanji

Hanji, meaning Korean paper, is a traditional handmade paper produced from the inner bark of the paper mulberry tree (Morus alba) and other local fibers. It is highly regarded for its strength, texture, and longevity, and remains an iconic example of Korean crafts.

Production begins with harvesting the bark, which is then cooked and beaten to separate the fibers. The pulp is formed into sheets by spreading it over a mold and deckle and then repeatedly pressed and dried in the shade. The resulting sheets vary in thickness, translucence, and surface texture depending on the fiber quality, beating, and finishing techniques. Hanji can be produced in different grades for art, writing, or practical use.

Characteristics of hanji include high tensile strength, durability, and a natural warmth of texture. It absorbs ink and pigments well, making it suitable for calligraphy, painting, and bookbinding. Its fiber structure also allows for a degree of translucency in thinner sheets, which has been valued in various traditional crafts such as lamps, screens, and wallpaper. Some regional hanji varieties blend mulberry with other fibers to achieve distinct appearances.

Historically, hanji has been produced in Korea for centuries, with techniques refined during the Joseon era. It played a central role in writing, scripture, and everyday life, and continues to be preserved and revived by artisans today. In modern contexts, hanji is used in contemporary art and design while emphasizing sustainable, traditional practices.

As a natural fiber paper, hanji is sensitive to humidity and pests. Proper storage in a cool, dry environment helps maintain its integrity for long-term use.