hamam

A hamam, also known as a Turkish bath, is a type of steam bath based on the Roman thermae. It originated in the Middle East and is a prominent feature of Ottoman culture, representing a significant social and hygienic institution. The traditional hamam experience involves a series of rooms with varying temperatures, culminating in a cleansing and exfoliating ritual.

The process typically begins in a warm room (ılıklık) to prepare the body for heat. Participants then move to a hot room (sıcaklık) where the steam helps to open pores and relax muscles. Here, a masseur, known as a tellak, often performs a vigorous scrub using a kessa glove to remove dead skin cells, followed by a soap massage with copious amounts of foam. Finally, a rinse with cool water takes place, often in a cooler room.

Beyond hygiene, hamams have historically served as important social centers, particularly for women. They provided a rare opportunity for women to gather, socialize, and relax away from domestic duties. The architecture of a hamam is often characterized by domes, marble, and intricate tilework, designed to enhance the steam and create a serene atmosphere. While modern bathing facilities have become commonplace, traditional hamams continue to operate in many parts of the world, offering a unique cultural and wellness experience.