génfúzióról

Génfúzióról refers to the process of gene fusion, a phenomenon where two or more genes combine to form a single, new gene. This can occur through various mechanisms, including chromosomal rearrangements like translocations, inversions, or deletions, or through the recombination of DNA molecules. In some cases, gene fusion can arise from errors during DNA replication or repair.

The resulting fused gene, often called a fusion gene or chimera gene, typically encodes a single protein that combines the functional domains of the original genes. The expression and function of this fusion protein can differ significantly from those of the individual parent proteins. This can lead to altered biological activities, potentially contributing to the development of diseases such as cancer, or conferring new traits in genetically modified organisms.

Gene fusions are of significant interest in molecular biology and medicine. Studying them helps researchers understand gene regulation, protein evolution, and disease mechanisms. For instance, certain oncogenic fusion genes are used as biomarkers for specific types of cancer, aiding in diagnosis and treatment. Conversely, controlled gene fusion is a technique employed in biotechnology to create novel proteins with desired properties for applications in medicine, industry, and agriculture. The study of génfúzióról continues to be an active area of research, revealing insights into the dynamic nature of genomes and the creation of biological diversity.