gázoldószer

Gázoldószer, also known as gas solvent or gaseous solvent, refers to a substance that can dissolve or solvate other substances in the gaseous state. This phenomenon is less common and understood than liquid-phase solvation due to the significantly lower density and intermolecular forces in gases. However, under specific conditions, gas molecules can interact with and surround solute particles, effectively dissolving them.

The process of gas solvation typically involves weak intermolecular forces, such as van der Waals forces, between the solvent gas molecules and the solute particles. For a gas to act as a solvent, it must be able to form stable interactions with the solute. This often requires the solute to be in a gaseous or highly dispersed state itself, or to be a substance that readily forms weak bonds with the solvent gas.

Examples of situations where gas solvation might occur include the absorption of certain vapors into a denser inert gas at high pressures, or the interaction of trace gases with a bulk gas in atmospheric chemistry. The solubility of a substance in a gaseous solvent is generally much lower compared to its solubility in a liquid solvent. Factors influencing gas solvation include temperature, pressure, and the specific chemical nature of both the solvent gas and the solute. Research into gas-phase solvation is important for understanding chemical reactions in the gas phase, atmospheric processes, and the behavior of substances in non-standard conditions.