grinder

Grinder is a term used for devices or tools that perform grinding, the process of reducing material into smaller particles or a finer surface finish. The category spans kitchen appliances, hand tools, and industrial machines, and it can refer to devices powered by electricity or manually operated.

In kitchens, grinders are used to process foods such as coffee beans, spices, and meat. Coffee grinders may be blade-based or burr-based; burr grinders produce a more uniform particle size and are preferred for consistency in brewing. Spice grinders crush seeds and dried herbs; meat grinders force ground meat through plates to produce various textures. Pepper mills and salt grinders are common countertop grinders whose mechanism meets their name.

Industrial and workshop grinders include bench grinders, angle grinders, and specialized grinding machines. A bench grinder uses one or more abrasive wheels mounted on a bench to sharpen tools or remove material. An angle grinder is a handheld tool that uses a rotating abrasive wheel for cutting, grinding, or finishing metal, masonry, or stone. Surface grinders, cylindrical grinders, and belt grinders are used in manufacturing to achieve precise dimensions or surface quality.

Safety and maintenance are important: grinders generate heat, dust, and shards; wheels can shatter if misused; guarding, eye protection, and proper technique are recommended; regular dressing or replacement of abrasive wheels is required.