glükoositaluvust

Glükoositaluvus refers to the body's ability to process and utilize glucose, a primary sugar molecule that serves as the main energy source for cells. This process is tightly regulated by hormones, most notably insulin, produced by the pancreas. Insulin facilitates the uptake of glucose from the bloodstream into cells, particularly muscle, fat, and liver cells, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.

When an individual consumes carbohydrates, they are broken down into glucose, which is then absorbed into the bloodstream. A healthy response involves a rise in blood glucose followed by a timely decrease as insulin is released and glucose is used or stored. Impaired glucose tolerance, often referred to as prediabetes, occurs when the body's response to glucose is suboptimal. This can manifest as either insufficient insulin production or insulin resistance, where cells do not respond effectively to insulin's signal.

A formal assessment of glucose tolerance is often performed through an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). During this test, a person fasts overnight and then consumes a sugary drink. Blood glucose levels are measured at intervals over the next two to three hours. Elevated blood glucose readings at specific time points can indicate impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus. Maintaining healthy glucose tolerance is crucial for preventing long-term health complications associated with chronically high blood sugar, such as cardiovascular disease and kidney damage. Lifestyle factors, including diet and exercise, play a significant role in maintaining healthy glucose metabolism.