glykoider

Glycoider is a term that has been used in some contexts to refer to compounds that are structurally related to carbohydrates but do not fit the typical definition of a sugar. These molecules often contain a glycosidic bond, which links a carbohydrate moiety to another functional group. This non-carbohydrate part can be another sugar molecule, an alcohol, a thiol, or a nitrogen-containing compound. The term glycoider is not as widely standardized as terms like glycoprotein or glycolipid, and its usage can vary.

In some older literature, glycoider might have been used broadly to encompass various carbohydrate derivatives. More specifically, it can be applied to molecules where a sugar unit is attached to a non-sugar residue. This linkage is typically formed through a glycosidic bond, where a hemiacetal or hemiketal group of the sugar reacts with a hydroxyl, amino, or sulfhydryl group of the other molecule. Examples of compounds that might fall under a broad interpretation of glycoider include certain nucleosides, where a sugar is attached to a nitrogenous base, or some phenolic glycosides found in plants. However, precise classification often relies on more specific terminology depending on the nature of the non-carbohydrate component and the overall structure. The precise scientific definition and application of the term "glycoider" can be ambiguous and is less commonly encountered in contemporary biochemical literature compared to more defined categories of glycoconjugates.