glukózaglukóza

Glukóza, often referred to as dextrose, is a simple sugar with the chemical formula C6H12O6. It is a monosaccharide, meaning it cannot be broken down into simpler sugars. Glukóza is a vital carbohydrate that serves as the primary source of energy for many living organisms, including humans. It is found in many fruits, vegetables, and is a major component of starch and cellulose.

In biological systems, glukóza plays a crucial role in cellular respiration. Through a series of metabolic pathways, glukóza is broken down to release adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of the cell. The regulation of blood glukóza levels is a complex process involving hormones like insulin and glucagon, essential for maintaining homeostasis.

Industrially, glukóza is produced from the hydrolysis of starch, commonly derived from corn, wheat, or potatoes. It is widely used in the food industry as a sweetener, thickener, and preservative. It also finds applications in pharmaceuticals, as an intravenous fluid for rehydration and energy, and in the production of other chemicals. While essential for life, excessive intake of glukóza can contribute to health issues such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.