glikozilációval

Glikozilációval is a Hungarian term referring to glycosylation, a crucial biochemical process. Glycosylation involves the enzymatic attachment of carbohydrates, also known as glycans, to other molecules, typically proteins or lipids. This process is a form of post-translational modification, meaning it occurs after a protein has been synthesized from its amino acid sequence.

The addition of glycans can significantly alter the physical and chemical properties of the molecule to which they are attached. For proteins, glycosylation can influence their folding, stability, solubility, and cellular localization. It also plays a vital role in cell-cell recognition, immune responses, and signal transduction. For lipids, glycosylation forms glycolipids, which are important components of cell membranes and are involved in cell signaling and adhesion.

Glycosylation occurs in various cellular compartments, including the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells. The specific types of glycans attached and the linkages formed are highly diverse, leading to a vast array of glycoconjugates with distinct biological functions. The study of glycosylation and its products, glycans, is known as glycobiology. Aberrant glycosylation is often associated with various diseases, including cancer and inflammatory disorders, making it a significant area of research in medicine and biotechnology.