glikolízisoxidatív

Glycolysis oxidative, often referred to as the oxidative phase of glycolysis, represents the steps within the glycolytic pathway where the oxidation of glucose occurs, leading to the production of ATP and NADH. This phase follows the initial investment of ATP in the preparatory phase of glycolysis.

Specifically, the oxidative phase begins with the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) into 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. This is a crucial step as it involves the reduction of NAD+ to NADH, capturing energy from the high-energy electrons released during the oxidation. Concurrently, an inorganic phosphate molecule is incorporated, forming the high-energy phosphate bond in 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate.

Following this, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is dephosphorylated to 3-phosphoglycerate, with the transfer of a phosphate group to ADP, generating ATP. This process is known as substrate-level phosphorylation. The remaining steps of glycolysis then proceed, eventually yielding pyruvate. The net result of the oxidative phase of glycolysis is the production of two molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADH for each molecule of glucose that enters the pathway. These NADH molecules carry high-energy electrons that can be further utilized in the electron transport chain to generate additional ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.