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`getServletContext` is a method in Java’s Servlet API used to obtain a reference to the `ServletContext` object associated with a servlet. The `ServletContext` represents the web application in which the servlet is running and provides access to application-wide resources, configuration, and services.

The method is defined in the `Servlet` interface and is called on an instance of a servlet. It returns a `ServletContext` object, which can be used to interact with various aspects of the web application, such as:

- Accessing initialization parameters defined in the deployment descriptor (e.g., `web.xml`) or annotations.

- Retrieving resources such as files or URLs (e.g., using `getResource()` or `getResourceAsStream()`).

- Managing sessions, listeners, and filters registered in the application.

- Accessing the application’s context path, real path, or virtual host information.

For example, a servlet might use `getServletContext()` to load configuration properties from a file or to forward requests to another resource within the application. The method is commonly invoked during servlet initialization (`init()`) or in response handling methods like `doGet()` or `doPost()`.

The `ServletContext` is a singleton per web application, meaning all servlets within the same application share the same instance. This allows for centralized access to application-level resources and state. Proper use of `getServletContext()` ensures servlets can leverage shared services without direct dependency on the container’s implementation details.