getContents

GetContents is a function name used in several programming environments for retrieving the full contents of a source into a single string or buffer. In practice, it often refers to reading an entire input stream, typically standard input, into memory in one operation. The exact behavior and typing depend on the language and library, but the concept remains a convenience for obtaining all input at once rather than iterating line by line.

In Haskell, getContents is a standard IO action with type IO String. It reads from the standard input and returns a string containing all input up to end-of-file. Because Haskell uses lazy IO, the input is read lazily as the resulting string is consumed. This means the program can begin processing before the entire input is read, but it also means input reading can be tied to how and when the string is evaluated, potentially leading to subtle performance or lifecycle issues if not managed carefully.

Common usage in Haskell includes examples such as:

- main = do s <- getContents; putStrLn s

- main = interact id

These patterns demonstrate reading all input and either printing it or transforming it with a pure function, respectively.

Caveats and considerations include the implications of lazy IO, which can cause space leaks if the program keeps references to the input while continuing computation. There is also a risk that the program blocks waiting for EOF if the input source does not close. Because the name getContents appears in various environments, its exact semantics can differ outside Haskell, so developers should consult the specific language documentation for precise behavior. In general, getContents is most useful for simple, streaming-like input scenarios where the entire input is intended to be processed as a whole.