gestodeno

Gestodene is a synthetic progestin used primarily as the progestin component of many combined oral contraceptives. It is a member of the gonane (norpregnane) family of progestins and is typically paired with an estrogen such as ethinylestradiol in fixed-dose tablets. In these formulations, gestodene contributes to contraception mainly by suppressing ovulation and by thickening cervical mucus and thinning the endometrium, reducing the likelihood of fertilization and implantation.

Pharmacology and use: as a progestin, gestodene binds to progesterone receptors and exerts progestational effects. Its use is limited to combination regimens rather than as a progestin-only option. Typical contraceptive preparations contain gestodene in a fixed dose per tablet, with estrogens providing the other active component. Gestodene is absorbed after oral administration and is metabolized in the liver, with metabolites excreted in urine and feces. Drug interactions that induce hepatic enzymes can decrease the effectiveness of gestodene-containing pills, while other interactions vary.

Safety and side effects: common adverse effects include nausea, headaches, breast tenderness, mood changes, and breakthrough bleeding. The combination with estrogen increases the risk of venous thromboembolism, particularly in smokers, older individuals, or those with other risk factors. Contraindications include pregnancy, history of thromboembolic events, significant liver disease, estrogen-dependent tumors, uncontrolled hypertension, migraines with aura, and certain other serious conditions.

Notes: gestodene is one of several progestins used in modern combined oral contraceptives; formulations and brand names vary by country.