geofizikos

Geofizikos is the Lithuanian term for geophysics. Geophysics is a branch of Earth science that uses the principles of physics to study the Earth. It encompasses a wide range of studies, including the Earth's structure, composition, and processes. Geophysics is concerned with phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, plate tectonics, and the Earth's magnetic field.

Geophysicists employ various methods to investigate the Earth. These include seismology, which studies seismic waves generated by earthquakes and explosions to understand the Earth's interior. Gravity surveys measure variations in the Earth's gravitational field to infer subsurface density distributions. Magnetic surveys detect anomalies in the Earth's magnetic field, which can reveal information about the composition and structure of rocks. Electrical resistivity and induced polarization methods are used to map subsurface geological structures and identify groundwater or mineral deposits. Electromagnetic methods use the Earth's natural electromagnetic field or artificially generated fields to probe the subsurface. Remote sensing, using satellite or aerial imagery, provides broad-scale information about the Earth's surface and shallow subsurface.

The applications of geophysics are diverse. It plays a crucial role in the exploration for natural resources such as oil, gas, and minerals. It is also vital for understanding and mitigating natural hazards like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Geophysics is used in civil engineering projects, such as site selection for buildings, bridges, and tunnels, and in environmental studies, including groundwater contamination and waste disposal site characterization. Furthermore, it contributes to fundamental research in geology and planetary science.