genderterminology

Gender terminology is the vocabulary used to discuss gender identities, expressions, and related social concepts. It distinguishes gender identity—how a person experiences themselves—from sex, which is commonly assigned at birth. Pronouns and names are also part of gender terminology, shaping how people are referred to in conversation and writing. Because language evolves, staying current with respectful terms is considered important in many communities.

Common identities include cisgender (where gender identity matches assigned sex at birth) and transgender (where it does not). Nonbinary, genderqueer, agender, genderfluid, and bigender describe identities outside or across a traditional binary. Some terms are culturally specific; for example, two-spirit is used by some Indigenous peoples to describe a recognized role within their cultures, not as a direct translation of Western concepts.

Pronouns such as he/him, she/her, and they/them are used to refer to individuals. Some people use neopronouns or longer forms. It is best practice to ask for and respect a person’s pronouns and preferred name. Deadnaming (using a former name) and misgendering (referring to someone with the wrong gender) can cause harm and should be avoided when possible.

Language can be gender-neutral or inclusive, such as using partner or parent instead of gendered terms. In written policies or data collection, asking for pronouns and gender identity separately from sex assigned at birth can improve accuracy and respect. Terminology changes over time, and respect for individuals’ self-identification remains central.