gagnsæll

Gagnsæll, also known as the Icelandic term for "common loon" (*Gavia stellata*), is a medium-sized diving bird native to Arctic and subarctic regions. This species is widely distributed across northern Europe, Asia, and North America, with Iceland serving as a notable breeding ground. The common loon is easily recognizable by its distinctive black-and-white plumage, long neck, and pointed bill, which it uses to catch fish underwater.

During the breeding season, which typically spans from May to August, the common loon inhabits freshwater lakes and coastal areas in Iceland. Its call, a haunting and melodic wail, is a characteristic feature of its presence in the wild. The species is known for its strong pair bonds, with mates often remaining together for multiple breeding seasons. Both parents share responsibilities in incubating eggs and raising chicks, which fledge after about 28 days.

Gagnsæll is a skilled diver, capable of reaching depths of over 60 meters in pursuit of prey such as fish, crustaceans, and amphibians. Its diet varies seasonally, with a greater emphasis on fish during the breeding period. As an Arctic species, the common loon migrates southward in autumn, traveling to warmer coastal waters where it spends the winter months.

Conservation status for the common loon is generally stable, though it faces threats from habitat loss, pollution, and climate change. In Iceland, it is protected under national wildlife regulations, and its populations are monitored as part of broader avian conservation efforts. The species holds cultural significance in some Indigenous communities, where it is often featured in folklore and traditional stories.