fruktózovou

Fruktózovou, often referred to as fructose, is a simple sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. It is found naturally in fruits, honey, and some vegetables. Fructose is one of the three monosaccharides, along with glucose and galactose, that are most important in human nutrition. It is a hexose, meaning it has six carbon atoms.

In the human body, fructose is primarily metabolized in the liver. Unlike glucose, its uptake and metabolism are largely independent of insulin. This characteristic can lead to different metabolic effects compared to glucose. Fructose is sweeter than sucrose (table sugar), which is composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose linked together.

Fructose is commonly used as a sweetener in processed foods and beverages, often in the form of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS). HFCS is made by processing corn starch to produce glucose, and then enzymatically converting some of that glucose into fructose. The ratio of glucose to fructose in HFCS can vary, but it typically contains 42% or 55% fructose.

While naturally occurring fructose in fruits is generally considered healthy due to the presence of fiber, vitamins, and minerals, excessive consumption of added fructose, particularly from sweetened beverages and processed foods, has been linked to various health concerns. These may include increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, insulin resistance, and elevated levels of triglycerides. The body's unique metabolic pathway for fructose is thought to contribute to these potential negative health outcomes when intake is immoderate.