froes

Froes, also known as felloes or fellys, are the outer segments that make up the rim of a traditional spoked wheel. These wooden or metal pieces are joined together to form a complete circle, providing the supporting structure for the tire. Each froe is typically curved to match the overall circumference of the wheel. Historically, froes were an essential component of wagon wheels, chariot wheels, and other wheeled vehicles before the widespread adoption of pneumatic tires.

The construction of a wheel using froes involved carefully shaping and fitting these segments. The number of froes could vary depending on the size and intended use of the wheel, with larger wheels often having more segments for greater strength and stability. Once the froes were assembled into a ring, they would be further secured, often by a metal tire shrunk onto the outer edge. This process created a robust and durable wheel capable of withstanding significant loads and rough terrain. The craftsmanship involved in making and fitting froes was a specialized skill for wheelwrights. While less common in modern manufacturing, the concept of segmented wheel construction persists in some specialized applications and historical reproductions.