fotokatalytisch

Fotokatalytisch refers to processes that are driven by photocatalysis. Photocatalysis is a chemical reaction that takes place when a catalyst is activated by light. The catalyst, known as a photocatalyst, absorbs light energy and then uses this energy to accelerate a chemical reaction. This is distinct from simple photochemistry, where light directly initiates a reaction without the involvement of a separate catalyst.

The most common photocatalyst is titanium dioxide (TiO2). When exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light, TiO2 becomes highly reactive. It generates electron-hole pairs, which can then react with water and oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radicals (OH•) and superoxide radicals (O2•-). These ROS are powerful oxidizing agents and can break down organic pollutants, bacteria, and viruses into simpler, less harmful substances like carbon dioxide and water.

Applications of fotokatalytisch processes are widespread. They are used in air and water purification systems to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and other pollutants. In self-cleaning surfaces, photocatalytic coatings on windows, tiles, and facades can break down dirt and grime when exposed to sunlight, making them easier to wash away. The technology also finds use in disinfection, medical applications, and even in the production of hydrogen fuel through water splitting. The efficiency of fotokatalytisch processes depends on factors such as the type of photocatalyst, light intensity, and the presence of other substances in the environment.