fordulok

Forduló (plural fordulók) is a Hungarian noun meaning a round, turn, or phase in a sequence. It derives from the verb fordulni, “to turn,” and is used to describe stages in processes that occur in cycles or steps.

In sports and competitions, forduló refers to a round or stage of a tournament or league. For example, a championship may be organized over several fordulók, with pairings and results determining advancement.

In elections and referendums, forduló denotes a voting round. The first forduló is the initial voting, and a subsequent forduló (often the second) occurs if no candidate meets the required majority, producing a runoff.

In other contexts, forduló can describe a cycle or phase in mechanical, industrial, or organizational processes, such as a machine’s operating cycle or a procedural turning point within a workflow. In mathematics, the term fordulópont (turning point) is more common for the turning point of a curve, while forduló emphasizes a broader notion of a stage or rotation within a sequence.

See also: fordulópont, fordulat.