fonologiczna

Fonologiczna is a Polish adjective meaning “phonological.” It is used to describe phenomena, analyses, and systems that pertain to phonology, the branch of linguistics that studies the sound structure of languages. The form is the feminine singular of the adjective derived from fonologia (phonology).

In Polish linguistic usage, fonologiczna modifies nouns such as analiza, system, zasady, or struktura: for example, analiza fonologiczna (phonological analysis), system fonologiczny (phonological system), struktura fonologiczna (phonological structure), and zasady fonologiczne (phonological rules). The term serves to distinguish sound-system related aspects from other areas of study like phonetics or morphology.

Fonologiczna is often contrasted with fonetyczna (phonetic). While phonology concerns abstract sound systems, phonetics deals with the physical realization of speech sounds—their articulation, acoustic properties, and perception. Phonological descriptions focus on features such as phonemes, contrastive distribution, allophony, syllable structure, and phonotactics, as well as rules and patterns that govern sound change within a language.

In scholarly and educational contexts, the term appears in descriptions of linguistic data, theoretical frameworks, and language documentation. It is frequently encountered in grammars, theses, and computational resources that model or teach the sound system of a language.

See also: fonologia, fonetyka, prosody.