fluorouratsiil

Fluorouracil, often abbreviated as 5-FU, is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatment of various cancers. It is an antimetabolite, meaning it interferes with the normal processes of cells, particularly DNA and RNA synthesis. By mimicking uracil, a natural building block of RNA and DNA, fluorouracil is incorporated into these nucleic acids, disrupting their function and ultimately leading to cell death. It can also inhibit thymidylate synthase, an enzyme crucial for DNA synthesis, further halting cancer cell proliferation.

Fluorouracil is administered intravenously and is a widely used treatment for colorectal, breast, stomach, pancreatic, and skin cancers. Its effectiveness can be enhanced when used in combination with other chemotherapy drugs. The dosage and duration of treatment are determined by the type and stage of cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Like many chemotherapy agents, fluorouracil can cause side effects. Common adverse reactions include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mouth sores, hair loss, and a decrease in blood cell counts, which can increase the risk of infection and bleeding. It is important for patients to discuss potential side effects and management strategies with their healthcare provider.