fluorodeoxy

Fluorodeoxy is a term that typically refers to a class of nucleoside analogs where a fluorine atom replaces a hydrogen atom on the deoxyribose sugar moiety of a nucleoside. More specifically, it often relates to fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR) and fluorodeoxycytidine (FCdR), which are derivatives of thymidine and cytidine, respectively.

These compounds are primarily known for their use in cancer chemotherapy. Their mechanism of action often involves interfering with DNA synthesis and repair. Once incorporated into DNA, the presence of the fluorine atom can disrupt the normal structure and function of the DNA molecule, leading to cell death. Additionally, fluorodeoxy nucleosides can inhibit enzymes crucial for DNA metabolism, such as thymidylate synthase, further impeding DNA replication in rapidly dividing cancer cells.

Fluorodeoxyuridine, for example, has been used in the treatment of various solid tumors. Its administration can be localized, such as intra-arterially, to deliver a higher concentration of the drug to the tumor site while minimizing systemic toxicity. The development and application of fluorodeoxy compounds have been an important part of the history of antimetabolite chemotherapy. While newer and more targeted therapies have emerged, these compounds continue to be relevant in certain treatment regimens.