fluoration

Fluoration is a process of decontaminating substances, primarily water, by the removal of soluble salts and gases. It involves the direct addition of a significantly large mass of hydrofluosilicic acid to the contaminated water. This method was historically used in the United States to prevent the corrosive dissolution of water pipes.

In the context of fluoridation of drinking water, the term fluoration is sometimes used interchangeably with fluoridation. However, the two processes are not exactly the same. Fluoridation refers to the controlled addition of the fluorine ion to drinking water supplies, typically at a concentration between 0.7 and 1.2 milligrams per liter. This process is intended to reduce tooth decay and promote oral health.

The history of fluoration dates back to the 1940s in Grand Rapids, Michigan, where water treatment plants first began adding hydrofluosilicic acid to drinking water in the form of fluosilicic acid. This practice aimed to mimic the naturally occurring levels of fluoride found in some regions of the United States. Fluoration and fluoridation of drinking water have been subject to controversy and debate on the basis of health and environmental concerns.

Some of the primary concerns associated with fluoration and fluoridation include the potential risks of dental fluorosis, thyroid disease, and musculoskeletal problems. Those who are critical of these practices have argued that there are insufficient human studies to confirm the safety and efficacy of adding chemicals to the public water supply to promote oral health. Despite these concerns, both fluoration and fluoridation continue to be implemented in various regions to counteract the risks of tooth decay and other dental-related problems.