fisherfolk

Fisherfolk are people whose primary livelihood is fishing and related activities. They include those involved in small-scale and artisanal coastal fisheries, inland river and lake fisheries, fish processing, transport, and marketing. Many fisherfolk operate as family-based enterprises and rely on access to fishing grounds, gear, and knowledge passed through generations. In many parts of the world, their rights to resources are shaped by customary tenure, community rules, and government policies.

They participate in a range of activities, from catching fish with small vessels and traditional gears to post-harvest processing and trade. Women often play major roles in processing, packaging, and distribution, while men may predominate in harvesting; however roles vary by region.

The economic and social importance of fisherfolk includes direct food security and livelihoods for millions, as well as support for regional markets and cultural identity. They are frequently among the most vulnerable rural populations due to volatility in stocks and prices, access restrictions, licensing regimes, and vulnerability to climate change and extreme weather. Overfishing, habitat degradation, pollution, and competition with industrial fleets can threaten livelihoods.

Governance approaches include rights-based and co-management arrangements, community fisheries, and traditional knowledge integrated with scientific advice. International and regional bodies recognize fisherfolk in discussions on sustainable fisheries, poverty reduction, and disaster resilience. Policy aims often emphasize access rights, safety at sea, capacity building, and social protection, while ensuring sustainable use of fish stocks and ecosystems.