finér

Finér, or veneer, is a thin sheet of wood typically 0.6 to 3 millimeters thick that is bonded to a substrate to create the appearance of solid wood. Veneer can be produced by rotary peeling, which yields a continuous sheet, or by slicing with a knife, which produces sheets with controlled grain orientation. Rotary veneer is common for plywood and curved surfaces, while sliced veneer is preferred for high-grade faces.

Veneering is widely used in furniture, cabinetry, interior paneling, and plywood manufacturing. The veneer is bonded to substrates such as plywood, particleboard, or medium-density fiberboard using adhesives like urea-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde, or polyurethane. Patterns are created by matching adjacent sheets, with bookmatching and slipmatching being common techniques.

Advantages include cost efficiency, reduced material waste, and the ability to replicate rare or specialty woods. Limitations involve sensitivity to moisture at exposed edges, potential for delamination if the adhesive or finishing is improper, and the need for precise surface preparation.

Sustainability concerns focus on responsible wood sourcing and certification schemes such as FSC. Veneers can be produced from hardwoods or softwoods and can be finished with stains, varnishes, or oils. Edge banding is often used on plywood and boards to mask core material and improve durability.