fibrinogenului

Fibrinogen is a soluble plasma protein that plays a crucial role in the clotting process. It is synthesized primarily by the liver and is a component of the coagulation cascade. Fibrinogen is a dimeric protein consisting of three pairs of non-identical polypeptide chains: alpha (A), beta (B), and gamma (G). Each pair of chains is connected by disulfide bonds, forming a structure with a central D-domain and two outer E-domains.

The primary function of fibrinogen is to form a fibrin clot during the process of hemostasis. When activated by thrombin, fibrinogen is converted into fibrin, which then polymerizes to form a mesh-like structure that traps blood cells and platelets, thereby stopping bleeding. Fibrinogen also has a role in wound healing and tissue repair by providing a scaffold for cell migration and matrix deposition.

Fibrinogen levels in the blood are tightly regulated and can be influenced by various factors, including age, sex, and certain medical conditions. Low levels of fibrinogen are associated with an increased risk of bleeding, while high levels can lead to an increased risk of thrombosis. Genetic mutations in the fibrinogen gene can result in inherited disorders such as dysfibrinogenemia, which can cause bleeding disorders.

In clinical practice, fibrinogen levels are often measured to assess the risk of bleeding or thrombosis in patients with certain medical conditions, such as liver disease, cancer, or autoimmune disorders. Fibrinogen can also be used as a marker for inflammation and tissue damage in various diseases.