fetter

A fetter is a restraint device designed to impede movement, typically a chain or shackle placed around the ankle or wrist. In common usage, fetters refer to leg irons or ankle shackles used to confine prisoners or detainees, usually secured with a padlock. The term can also describe similar restraints used on the wrists (manacles) or a combination device such as a ball-and-chain.

Historically, fetters have appeared in many cultures and eras. They have been used to prevent escape during transport or confinement, in military or naval discipline, and in penal systems. In some contexts, restraints similar in function were used for enslaved individuals or debtors. The concept also extends to animals, where chains or tethers may be employed to restrict movement.

Figuratively, the verb form to fetter means to restrain, restrict, or impede freedom, mobility, or rights. In legal, political, and social discourse, fetters are described as constraints that limit action or expression, whether imposed by law, policy, or circumstance.

Etymology: The word derives from Old English feter, from Proto-Germanic roots, and has been part of English since medieval times. Over time, its sense broadened from a physical restraint to include figurative and metaphorical uses.