femtoliterscale
The femtoliter scale refers to volumes measured in femtoliters (fL), where one femtoliter equals 10⁻¹⁵ liters or 10⁻¹⁸ milliliters. This scale is among the smallest commonly used in fluid measurement, bridging the gap between attoliters (10⁻¹⁸ L) and picoliters (10⁻¹² L). The femtoliter scale is particularly relevant in fields such as nanotechnology, biochemistry, and single-molecule analysis, where extremely small volumes are encountered.
At this scale, surface-area-to-volume ratios become significant, influencing physical and chemical properties. For example, in nanoscale
Applications of femtoliter-scale measurements include droplet-based microfluidics for high-throughput biochemical assays, where femtoliter droplets serve as
Despite its challenges—such as contamination risks and measurement precision—the femtoliter scale continues to expand the boundaries