fakultatiivseks

Fakultatiivseks is the translative form of the Estonian adjective fakultatiivne, meaning "facultative" or "optional." In linguistics and related fields, it describes elements that are not required in a grammatical structure and may be present or omitted without making the construction ungrammatical. The opposite term is kohustuslik, meaning obligatory.

Origin and usage: The word originates from Latin facultativus and entered Estonian through European language contact. In Estonian, fakultatiivne is used in grammar, education, and logic to designate optional components, such as an optional clause, an elective course, or an optional step in a procedure.

Grammatical forms: The translative suffix -seks marks conversion into a state and is used with the verb muutuma "to become." For example, "see lisand on fakultatiivseks muutunud"—"this addition has become optional." As an attributive, the form fakultatiivne is used before nouns (fakultatiivne kursus). The adverbial/participial form fakultatiivseks appears in constructions describing a state or change to that state.

Educational context: In schooling, fakultatiivkursus means an elective course, and fakultatiivõpe refers to optional instruction. In formal writing, fakultatiivseks is used to discuss optional elements of a model, system, or protocol.

See also: fakultatiivne, kohustuslik, fakultatiivkursus