extremität

Extremität is a term used in anatomy and medicine to refer to a limb of the body. In humans, the upper extremities are the arms and the lower extremities are the legs. These limbs are crucial for locomotion, manipulation of objects, and a wide range of other daily activities. Each extremity is a complex structure consisting of bones, muscles, nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissues. The bones provide skeletal support, the muscles enable movement, and the nerves transmit sensory and motor signals. Blood vessels supply oxygen and nutrients and remove waste products. The upper extremity, including the shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist, and hand, is primarily adapted for grasping and manipulating objects. The lower extremity, comprising the hip, thigh, leg, ankle, and foot, is designed for weight-bearing and locomotion. Injuries or diseases affecting the extremities can significantly impact an individual's mobility and quality of life. Medical conditions such as fractures, sprains, dislocations, arthritis, and nerve damage are common issues related to extremities. The study of extremities falls under the purview of orthopedics and physical medicine and rehabilitation.