evitativas

Evitativas is a term used in some linguistic and rhetorical contexts to describe strategies that avoid direct reference to a person, object, or topic. The word derives from evitar, the Spanish verb for “to avoid,” and is sometimes employed to denote devices that defer naming or designation. Its precise meaning is not standardized and varies among authors and languages.

In linguistic usage, evitativas can encompass a range of techniques aimed at avoidance. Common forms include circumlocution (speaking around a term without naming it), ellipsis (omitting a term altogether), and the use of passive or impersonal constructions that obscure the agent or actor. Indefinite or generic references can also function as evitativas when a speaker chooses not to specify the exact referent. These strategies frequently arise in contexts involving politeness, taboo, sensitivity, or strategic ambiguity.

Evitativas are often discussed in relation to other concepts such as euphemism, circumlocution, and avoidance of explicit reference. Some scholars treat evitativas as a distinct category within discourse strategies, while others consider them part of broader phenomena of indirect expression. The term’s application tends to be context-dependent, with different languages and rhetorical traditions emphasizing varying forms of avoidance.

See also: Euphemism, Circumlocution, Ellipsis, Passive voice, Impersonal constructions.

Notes for researchers and readers: Because “evitativas” is not universally standardized as a formal linguistic category, its definition and boundaries may differ across studies. When encountering the term, it is helpful to consult the author’s specific usage and examples to understand how avoidance is being framed in that context.