evaporatio

Evaporatio is a term used in historical or niche contexts to denote the process of evaporation—the transformation of a liquid into a gaseous phase at temperatures below the liquid's boiling point. The word derives from Latin evaporatio, from evaporare and vapor, reflecting its roots in classical terminology.

In modern science, evaporation describes molecules at the liquid surface gaining enough energy to overcome intermolecular forces and escape into the air. Evaporation differs from boiling, which involves rapid bubble formation within the liquid at a specific temperature and pressure.

The rate of evaporatio depends on several factors: temperature difference between the liquid and its surroundings, surface area, vapor pressure of the liquid, ambient humidity, air movement, and pressure. Liquids with higher vapor pressures evaporate more quickly. Increased surface area and wind remove vapor, sustaining the driving force for evaporation.

Practically, evaporation is important in drying processes, the water cycle, evaporative cooling, and many industrial operations such as concentration of solutions and distillation. In nature, bodies of water gradually lose volume through evaporation; in industry, evaporators are designed to control rate through heat input and containment. The term evaporatio appears mainly in older or specialized texts. See also evaporation, vaporization, phase transition, distillation, humidity.