epódion

An epódion is a type of ancient Greek lyric poem. It is characterized by its tripartite structure, consisting of strophe, antistrophe, and epode. The strophe and antistrophe were sung by a chorus while moving in opposite directions, and the epode was sung by the chorus while standing still. This form of poetry was often used for serious or solemn subjects, such as praise, lamentation, or religious hymns.

The epode, the final section of the epódion, is distinct in its metrical structure. While the strophe and antistrophe typically share the same meter, the epode often has a different, shorter, or more complex meter. This variation in rhythm and meter contributed to the dramatic and emotional impact of the poem. Famous practitioners of the epódion include the poets Archilochus and Tyrtaeus.

The epódion was a significant genre in early Greek lyric poetry, influencing later poetic forms. Its structured interplay of movement, music, and verse allowed for a powerful and multifaceted expression of emotion and thought. The term itself is derived from the Greek word 'epōidós', meaning 'sung after'. While the exact origins are debated, the epódion was a prominent feature of Athenian festivals and dramatic performances. The development of the epódion reflects the rich tradition of sung poetry in ancient Greece.