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Epizootics are widespread occurrences of disease in animal populations. They are the animal equivalent of epidemics in humans. An epizootic can affect a single species or multiple species within a geographic area. The term is most commonly applied to diseases that spread rapidly and cause significant mortality or morbidity. Factors that can contribute to the emergence and spread of epizootics include increased animal density, environmental changes, and the introduction of novel pathogens.

Disease outbreaks in wild animal populations can have significant ecological consequences, impacting biodiversity and ecosystem function. In domesticated animals, epizootics can have severe economic repercussions for agriculture and food security. Surveillance and early detection systems are crucial for monitoring and managing animal diseases, allowing for timely intervention and control measures to mitigate their impact. Understanding the transmission dynamics of pathogens and the factors influencing their spread is essential for developing effective strategies to prevent and control epizootics. International cooperation and data sharing are vital for addressing transboundary animal diseases and ensuring global animal health security.