enukleáció

Enukleáció is a medical term referring to the surgical removal of an eye. This procedure, also known as evisceration or exenteration depending on the extent of tissue removed, is typically performed when an eye is severely damaged, diseased, or causing significant pain and cannot be treated by other means. Common reasons for enukleation include extensive trauma, advanced glaucoma, malignant tumors like retinoblastoma, or severe infection.

The surgery involves detaching the eye muscles from the eyeball and then removing the eye itself. In many cases, a spherical implant is placed into the eye socket to maintain its shape and provide a stable base for a prosthetic eye. After a period of healing, a custom-made artificial eye, or ocular prosthesis, is fitted to match the appearance of the patient's remaining eye. While enukleation results in the loss of vision in the affected eye, the primary goals are to alleviate pain, prevent further complications, and achieve a cosmetically acceptable outcome. The procedure is generally safe, with potential complications including infection, bleeding, or implant exposure. Rehabilitation and adaptation to a prosthetic eye are crucial parts of the recovery process.