enstämt

Enstämt is a term sometimes used in music theory and performance practice to describe a section of music played by a single voice or instrument. This can occur in a variety of musical contexts, from solo passages within a larger ensemble piece to entire compositions written for a single performer. The focus in an enstämt section is often on the clarity of the melody, the nuance of the performance, and the expressive capabilities of the individual instrument or voice.

The term itself is of German origin, translating roughly to "in one voice" or "unison." While it can refer to playing in unison with other parts, its more specific meaning often emphasizes the absence of harmonic accompaniment or counterpoint. This allows the performer to have complete control over the dynamics, articulation, and phrasing, creating a more intimate and direct musical experience for the listener.

Examples of enstämt passages can be found across many musical eras and genres. In early music, monophonic compositions like Gregorian chant are inherently enstämt. Later, composers might introduce enstämt sections in orchestral works to highlight a particular instrument or to create a moment of stark simplicity. In opera, a solo aria without orchestral accompaniment could be considered an enstämt performance. The effectiveness of an enstämt section relies heavily on the skill of the performer to sustain interest and convey the musical material compellingly without the support of other voices or instruments.