endokardiala
Endokardiala refers to the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves. This thin layer of cells, known as the endocardium, is continuous with the endothelium lining the blood vessels. Its primary function is to provide a smooth surface that facilitates efficient blood flow and prevents clot formation. The endocardium is composed of several layers, including the endothelium, a subendothelial connective tissue layer, and in the deeper layers of the heart, a layer of cardiac muscle fibers.
Inflammation of the endocardium is called endocarditis. This condition can be caused by infections, most commonly