emprestaste

Emprestaste is the second-person singular form of the verb emprestar in the preterite tense in Portuguese. It expresses a completed action in the past, equivalent to “you lent” in English. The form is used with the pronoun tu, which is common in certain regions and registers of Portuguese, notably in parts of Portugal and some lusophone communities where informal second-person singular is used.

Conjugation and usage: For regular -ar verbs, the second-person singular preterite ends with -aste. Therefore, emprestar yields emprestaste in the preterite. Examples: Tu emprestaste o dinheiro ao amigo ontem. Tu emprestaste o livro e ele devolveu tarde. In many Brazilian varieties, the more common second-person form is você emprestou, but emprestaste remains correct in contexts using tu.

Regional variation: The use of tu and its corresponding forms, including emprestaste, varies by region. In Portugal and several Lusophone countries, tu and related forms are widely used in informal speech. In most Brazilian Portuguese varieties, você emprestou is preferred over tu emprestaste, reflecting the broader shift away from tu in daily use.

Etymology and meaning: Emprestar comes from em- plus prestar, with prestar tracing back to Latin praestare, meaning to provide or furnish. The term encompasses lending or providing something temporarily to another person, typically with the expectation of return.

See also: Portuguese verb conjugation; emprestar; pretérito perfeito simples.