eltörés

Eltérés is a Hungarian noun meaning deviation, discrepancy, or difference between two quantities, or from a standard, reference, or expectation. It is formed from the verb eltér (to deviate) with the noun suffix -és, indicating the result or process of deviation. The term is used across disciplines as a neutral descriptor of how far one value diverges from another.

In mathematics and statistics, eltérés denotes the difference between an observed value and a reference or theoretical value. It can be signed, indicating direction, or taken as an absolute value. The concept underpins residuals, measurement errors, and divergences between models and data. Common derivatives include abszolút eltérés (absolute deviation) and relatív eltérés (relative deviation) or átlagos eltérés (mean deviation).

In metrology, quality control, and engineering, eltérés often refers to deviation from a nominal or specification value. It is closely related to measurement error and tolerance, with distinctions sometimes made between rendszeres (systematic) eltérés and véletlenszerű (random) eltérés. Understanding and quantifying eltérés is essential for assessing accuracy, calibration, and conformity with standards.

In everyday Hungarian, eltérés can describe departures from plans, expectations, or norms, such as időeltérés (time difference) or eltérés a becsléssel (discrepancy from a guess). Overall, the term conveys the concept of how much one quantity diverges from another, whether in precise technical contexts or ordinary speech.