elektrooporowa

Elektrooporowa is a term used in Polish-language scientific literature to describe materials and processes that combine porosity with electrical functionality. In broad usage, it refers to porous structures whose pore networks either conduct electricity or can be modulated by electrochemical means, enabling simultaneous transport and charge transfer.

Key features include high surface area and interconnected pores that enable rapid ion transport, along with the presence of conductive components such as carbon, metal, or conductive polymers. Pore architecture can be micro-, meso-, or macro-scale, and chemical and electrochemical stability in relevant electrolytes are important considerations.

Common classes of elektrooporowa materials include activated carbon and carbon-based porous structures (graphene, carbon nanotubes), conductive polymer matrices, and hybrids such as metal–organic frameworks with conductive functionalities or templated porous metals. Synthesis methods range from chemical activation and templating to electrodeposition and in situ polymerization.

Applications span energy storage (porous electrodes for supercapacitors and batteries), electrocatalysis, chemical sensing, and filtration membranes with tunable permeability and electrochemical control. Challenges include balancing porosity and conductivity, achieving mechanical integrity, ensuring long-term stability in electrolytes, and scaling production for industrial use.

See also: porous material, conductive polymer, porous electrode, membrane, MOF, carbon material, electrochemistry.