elektromýogrammum

An elektromýogrammum, often shortened to EMG, is a diagnostic technique used to assess the health of muscles and the nerves that control them. It involves measuring electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. This activity can be detected through the use of electrodes placed on the skin or inserted into the muscle.

The procedure typically involves two main parts: electroneurography and needle EMG. Electroneurography, also known as nerve conduction studies, measures the speed and strength of electrical signals as they travel along nerves. This helps identify nerve damage or compression. Needle EMG involves inserting a fine needle electrode into a muscle to record its electrical activity at rest and during voluntary contraction. Abnormal patterns in muscle activity can indicate various neuromuscular disorders, such as myopathy, neuropathy, or motor neuron disease.

EMG is a valuable tool for diagnosing conditions affecting the peripheral nervous system and muscles. It helps differentiate between problems originating in the nerves versus those originating in the muscles themselves. The results of an EMG test, along with a patient's medical history and physical examination, assist healthcare professionals in making accurate diagnoses and developing appropriate treatment plans. The test is generally safe, though some patients may experience temporary discomfort at the needle insertion sites.